Roman crowns and wreaths. Corona triumphalis, civica, muralis.

Ancient Roman crowns and wreaths.

• Corona triumphalis
• Corona obsidimalis
• Corona civica
• Corona muralis
• Corona castrensis
• Corona navalis

Corona triumphalis

The Corona Triumphalis was considered the highest honor a military commander in the Roman Empire. She was a laurel wreath and was worn at triumphal procession with a tunica palmata (a purple tunic embroidered with palmettes), a toga picta (with gold stars embroidered purple toga) and an ivory scepter worn with a gold eagle. The carrier had the right to wear them in public events

Corona obsidimalis

The Corona obsidionalis or graminea (“siege crown”, “grass crown”) was a military distinction in the Roman Empire. It was awarded to the generals who succeeded to free his laid siege army. She was made of bundles of grass and flowers that were picked where the army was trapped. For the first time it is mentioned in Polybius.

Corona civica

It consisted of a wreath of oak leaves (quercea) and was awarded the one who saved the life of a Roman citizen (civis) a fellow citizen in battle, killed the enemy whose armor had taken and was able to hold the place of those rescued. It was passed by the rescued themselves. In early republican period it was made from the leaves of holm oak (Quercus ilex). Later, she was bound from the branches of the pedunculate oak (Quercus pendunculata).
With the Corona Civica special privileges were connected. Thus, the owner sat at public games with the Senators and all had to get up on his entrance.

Corona muralis

The corona muralis (Latin: corona, crown ‘murus, wall’) was an award of the Roman army.
She had the shape of battlements and was one of the most coveted awards for soldiers. The corona muralis was awarded during a city siege to the person who first stormed the ramparts of a hostile city. According to the records of Polybius it was made of gold, had the form of a city wall with gate and was fastened by a band at the head of the wearer. In imperial times it was awarded mainly centurions.

Corona castrensis vel vallaris

The camps or wall crown, a reward for for the one who had first entered the camp of the enemy or the hostile Wall mounted first.

Corona navalis

The Corona navalis (ship crown), and Corona rostrata (prow crown) or corona classica (Fleet crown) was a Roman military award. It was awarded in the Roman navy to the soldier who sat the first in the fight foot on an enemy ship. It consisted of gold and looked like an ordinary laurel wreath inlaid with Ramm spur.

Originally, it was only to a consul who destroyed an enemy fleet as Admiral. Marcus Terentius Varro got it from Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus in the war against the pirates. Marcus Agrippa Vipsanius is depicted on coins with various different forms of Corona navalis.

Continuing

• Roman Costume and Fashion History.
• Roman clothing in its diversity and development.
• The early toga. Former roman clothing. 700 BC. – 500 BC.
• The Toga and the manner of wearing it.
• The toga of a Roman senator. The armor of a Roman general.
• The costume of the Roman women. Republican Rome.
• The usual Roman garment during the Republican Rome.
• Roman Republic. Senator in the toga. A commoner in the paenula.
• The Togatus and the Roman ladies of the imperial period.
• The Roman Tunica or the Dorian and the Ionian chiton.
• Musical instruments. Wind and Stringed instruments of ancient Rome.
• Roman headgear and hairdos of antiquity.
• The Roman army. The legionary soldier. Equipment, assault weapons.
• Military of ancient Rome. Roman legions. Field signs. The legionary eagle.
• Roman soldiers and gladiators. Function, armor and armament.
• The Roman legionary. Reconstructed after reliefs of the Trajan’s Column.
• The Lictor panel. A stately Roman lictor in a rich costume.
• The Roman Paenula. The cowl or hood. Traveling cloak.
• Pontifex Maximus. Roman high priest of antiquity. Collegium Pontificum.
• An Augur. Roman official priesthood.
• The Rex Sacrorum also known as Rex Sacrificulus.
• Religious sacrificial ceremonies of Romans in ancient times.
• A quadriga. Greek-Roman Gods. The ancient greek-roman culture.
• The Clothing of the Vestal Virgins. The Cult of Vesta in ancient Rome.
• Shoes of antiquity. Sandals, closed footwear of the ancient world.
• The Etruscans. Culture, costumes, warriors in Etruria.
• Greek-Roman furniture. Throne chair, Bisellium, Sella castrensis.
• Greek-Roman art. Mosaics, painted bas-reliefs and wall paintings.
• A quadriga. Greek-Roman Gods. The ancient greek-roman culture.
• The Roman Ornament. Corinthian and Composite Capitals. The Acanthus.
• Rome. The atrium. Interior of an ancient Roman palace.
• Pompeji. Roman architecture. The Pompeian House. The Atrium.
• The Roman Pantheon, a temple to all the Gods.
• Britain under Roman rule. Celt and Roman. England 43 BC to 440 AD.
• Hadrians Wall. Roman Britain. Maps, Places, Tribes.
• The Gallic and Gallo-Roman costume period.